Federal Income Tax Benefits
- Death Benefits
- Policy death benefits are usually paid to beneficiaries income tax-free.1 IRC Section 101(a).
- Benefits paid out before the insured’s death because of chronic or terminal illness are tax free. IRC Section 101(g)1.
- Policy Cash Values
- Cash values can grow within the policy without being subject to tax. IRC Section 72
- Withdrawals up to the amount of the policy owner’s tax basis are not subject to income tax.2 IRC Section 72
- Cash values exceeding the owner’s tax basis may be borrowed from the policy income tax free as long as the policy stays in force.2 IRC Sections 72 and 7702
- Tax-Free Exchanges
- The owner may exchange an existing for a new one free of income taxes. IRC section 1035.
- The owner may exchange a life insurance policy for an annuity free of income taxes. IRC Section 1035
Federal Transfer Tax Benefits
Life insurance policies transfer wealth to beneficiaries through the death benefits paid out when an insured dies. Over the years Congress created the federal estate, gift and generation skipping transfer taxes to the Internal Revenue Code to tax and regulate the transfer of wealth. Each of these taxes gives insureds opportunities for life insurance to pass on wealth to family members with favorable results:
- Estate and Generation Skipping TransferTaxes—
- Death benefits paid to a surviving spouse who is a US citizen qualify for the marital deduction and aren’t taxed. IRC Section 2056
- Death benefits payable to others aren’t part of the taxable estate if the insured did not have an incident of ownership in the policy at any time within the three years before death. IRC Sections 2042 and 2035
- Gift Taxes—
- Premiums paid by the policy owner aren’t treated as taxable gifts.
- Funds an insured gives to someone else who owns the policy can avoid gift taxes if they qualify for the gift tax annual exclusion or the lifetime gift exemption.